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Thickener is the common mineral processing equipment in mineral processing plant, which is widely used in the concentration and dewatering of mineral processing plant. However, in the practical operation, the fault rate of thickener is up to 37%. Therefore, daily maintenance is vital .
The daily maintenance includes the daily check, machine lubrication, preventive maintenance and other maintenance. Besides, thickener maintenance personnel should keep the thickener stable operation and deal with urgent accidents.
Daily check is the essential check work for every large equipment. The thickener operator should understand the structure, performance, specifications, name and the role of each part, and familiar with the whole flow of thickener operation, to carry out the maintenance.
The check content mainly includes:
Check the the bolt fastening condition of each part of the thickener, whether the operation is stable, whether there is vibration, noise and other phenomena;
Check the bearing temperature of motor and reducer. The temperature rise shall not exceed 40 ℃. If exceed, need to find out the reason, add lubricating grease (oil) or replace the bearing, if the temperature rise caused by excessive load, should appropriate rake;
Check the temperature of of motor and reducer bearing, the temperature should be less than 40 degree centigrade. If the temperature is over, the reason should be found. Add lubrication oil or change bearing, if the overload causes temperature rising, the rake plane should be rose appropriately;
Check whether the viscosity and oil level of the lubricating oil meet the requirements. If the viscosity is too low, timely oil change; If the oil level is lower than the middle of the oil window, timely oil injection is required; If the oil level is seriously low, the possibility of oil leakage should be considered, the cause of oil leakage should be found, the replacement of seals, etc.;
Check whether the limit mechanism such as travel switch is out of order;
If thickener maintenance personnel found the above questions, it should be deal with and stopped, and report to superiors.
The thickener lubrication management is a key point of thickener normal operation. The thickener operator should properly, reasonably and timely lubricate the thickener, check the oil level of the tank every day, and replenish it when necessary. It is important to note that the lubricating oil used at different lubrication points is different, and the oil also varies according to the season.
For example, the lubricating oil grade of hydraulic drive thickener is as follows:
The oil for hydraulic motor reducer is L-CKC-220 industrial gear oil.
The inner oil for reducer box is L-CKC-460 industrial gear oil.
In the hydraulic station, the oil is HM46 anti-wear hydraulic oil in summer and HM32 anti-wear hydraulic oil in winter.
Note: all the lubrication point should change new oil after the first operation with oil for a week. Later, the oil should be change every half month. The thickener operator should daily check the oil position and add oil in time.
Taking peripheral drive thickener as example, the main check including:
Regular maintenance of concentrator fasteners, driving rack, slideway levelness.
Regular maintenance of the rotary harrow and the harrow track, to ensure that the diameter error of the center circle of the track is no more than ±5mm, to ensure that the top surface of the two sections of the track joint is on the same plane (the error is no more than 0.5mm, and the roughness of each end of the track is no more than 1.5mm).
Check the wear of the supporting roller, roller bearing and transmission gear regularly, and replace the surface or directly if necessary.
Regularly check pulp pipe, center barrel, trough frame, drive frame, concentrator harrow frame, replace or repair damaged parts in time.
Check motor current change regularly. In case of big changes, check the operation of each component in time.
Types | Period | Content |
Quick repair | 4000 | Empty the slurry in the concentrator, check whether the tank is damaged; |
Large repair | 8000 | Check fastening anchor bolts; Check the external surface of the tank for oil leakage; |
In the daily operation of thickener, there may be some emergency, if not handled properly, it will affect the efficiency of the whole plant, which requires the thickener operators to be able to find out the problem in time and deal with it properly.
Common faults | Emergency solutions |
Pressing rakes | It is caused by slurry line blockage or prolonged shutdown |
Muddy | Adjust the levelness of zigzag overflow dam; |
High material concentration | Increase the discharge quantity. |
Pressure bearing has abnormal sound | Stop and check to make sure all lubrication points are lubricated properly. |
Oil pump misdirection | It may be that there is air in the tubing and the rotation direction of the oil pump needs to be changed. |
To guarantee the normal operation in mineral processing plant and keep a high working efficiency, the maintenance and check is essential. For the beneficiation plant, on the one hand, we recommend that equipment manufacturers looking for overall plant capabilities purchase thickeners. On the other hand ,we recommend that thickener operating and maintenance staff to improve their skills, pay more attention on the operation of the thickener, encounter problems after calm analysis reasons and take corresponding measures, timely deal with emergency situation, to ensure smooth production of the processing plant, avoid unnecessary economic losses.
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